Free Will versus Destiny: Unraveling the Cosmic Dilemma

Kapil Raj
6 min readOct 8, 2023

The age-old debate between free will and destiny has intrigued and perplexed humanity for centuries. Are our lives preordained, with every step predetermined by a higher power, or do we possess the autonomy to shape our own destinies? This philosophical and theological conundrum has transcended time, culture, and religion, and it continues to stir deep conversations and contemplation.

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In this article, we will delve into the intriguing juxtaposition of free will and destiny, drawing insights from various religious texts such as the Bhagavad Gita, the Bible, and the Quran. We will explore how these sacred scriptures address this profound question, offering diverse perspectives that shed light on the enigma of our existence.

Defining Free Will and Destiny

Before we embark on this spiritual journey through the wisdom of religious texts, let’s establish a clear understanding of the concepts of free will and destiny.

Free Will: The notion that individuals possess the capacity to make choices and decisions independent of external influences or preordained plans. It implies that our actions and choices are self-determined and not predetermined by any external force, allowing us to shape our lives according to our desires and intentions.

Destiny: Suggests that our life’s path is predetermined by a higher power or a cosmic plan. It posits that events in our lives are guided by a divine or fateful design, and our choices merely unfold within the parameters of this pre-existing plan.

Exploring Religious Perspectives

Bhagavad Gita (Hinduism)

The Bhagavad Gita, a revered scripture in Hinduism, offers profound insights into the interplay of free will and destiny. In this ancient text, Lord Krishna imparts spiritual wisdom to Arjuna on the battlefield of Kurukshetra. One of the key teachings is the concept of “Nishkama Karma,” which means performing actions selflessly without attachment to the outcomes.

In the Bhagavad Gita, Lord Krishna emphasizes the importance of fulfilling one’s duty (dharma) and acting in alignment with one’s true self (atman). While destiny plays a role in the circumstances individuals find themselves in, the Gita suggests that individuals can exercise their free will by choosing how they respond to these circumstances. In essence, it teaches that we have the freedom to choose our actions but not the outcomes.

The Bible (Christianity)

Christianity, one of the world’s major religions, also grapples with the concepts of free will and destiny. The Bible, particularly in the Old and New Testaments, contains passages that touch upon this philosophical dilemma.

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One notable example comes from the Book of Proverbs, where it states, “In their hearts humans plan their course, but the Lord establishes their steps.” This verse implies that humans can make plans and exercise their free will, but ultimately, God determines the outcome. In the New Testament, the concept of free will is evident in verses such as “Choose this day whom you will serve” (Joshua 24:15) and “For God so loved the world, that he gave his only Son, that whoever believes in him should not perish but have eternal life” (John 3:16). These verses suggest that individuals have the freedom to choose their faith and actions.

The Quran (Islam)

In Islam, the Quran addresses the tension between free will and destiny by emphasizing the concept of “Qadar,” which refers to divine predestination. The Quran acknowledges that Allah has knowledge of all things past, present, and future. In Surah Al-Insan (76:30), it is mentioned, “And not absent from Him is any [part] of an atom’s weight within the heavens or within the earth or [what is] smaller than that or greater, except that it is in a clear register.”

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However, Islam also recognizes human agency and free will. In Surah Al-Baqarah (2:256), it asserts, “There shall be no compulsion in [acceptance of] the religion.” This verse implies that individuals have the freedom to choose their faith and actions, suggesting that while destiny is known to Allah, humans are accountable for their choices.

While these religious texts provide valuable insights into the free will vs. destiny debate, it’s important to acknowledge that interpretations can vary widely among individuals and scholars within each tradition. Moreover, different branches and sects within these religions may offer distinct viewpoints on the matter.

Ultimately, the resolution of this cosmic dilemma remains a matter of personal belief and philosophical contemplation. Some individuals may find solace in the idea of destiny, believing that their lives have a higher purpose and meaning. Others may gravitate toward the concept of free will, relishing the autonomy to shape their destinies through their choices and actions.

In the grand scheme of the free will versus destiny debate, it is impossible to ignore the undeniable reality that the world can be profoundly unfair. Not everyone achieves everything they desire, and life often unfolds in ways that appear capricious and unjust. There are those who succeed after pouring their heart and soul into their endeavors, persevering through countless sleepless nights and overcoming immense challenges. But there are also instances when individuals seemingly effortlessly attain success, as if the cards of fate are mysteriously aligned in their favor.

For those who burn the midnight oil, giving their all to their pursuits, the sight of seemingly unearned success in others can be demoralizing. It can feel like the end of the line, as if destiny has closed its doors on their aspirations. However, in the face of such adversity, many individuals find ways to muster their inner strength and motivation. They embark on a journey of self-discovery and self-improvement, learning to find contentment in the knowledge that they gave their absolute best, even if the outcomes don’t align with their ambitions.

This poignant reality is not limited to any particular field or profession. It transcends boundaries and affects individuals in various walks of life. As someone who has crossed paths with many talented artists, actors, painters, and writers, I can attest to the sheer abundance of hidden talents that often go unnoticed. These individuals, in many cases, possess skills and creativity that surpass those of their more famed counterparts. Yet, they find themselves struggling to climb the ladder of recognition and success.

The implications of this injustice extend beyond mere professional recognition. It’s not just about the fame and fortune that may elude them. It’s about livelihoods, dreams, and the profound emotional toll of watching one’s life’s work seemingly go in vain. The artists, actors, and writers I’ve known aren’t just struggling for recognition; they’re fighting to make ends meet and to protect their artistic integrity in an industry that often values commercial success over genuine talent.

In the face of such daunting odds, what sustains these individuals? How do they find the resilience to keep pursuing their dreams, even when it seems like destiny has played a cruel hand? The answer lies in the depths of human spirit and the power of self-belief. It is the relentless passion for their craft that fuels their determination. They create for the sheer love of creation, driven by an inner fire that refuses to be extinguished by the vagaries of fate.

As we navigate the complex interplay of free will and destiny, we must acknowledge the harsh reality that not everyone’s path to success is smooth or just.

We must also recognize the strength and resilience of those who persevere in the face of adversity, holding onto their dreams and aspirations. In their stories, we find inspiration, reminding us that while the world may be unfair, the human spirit is indomitable.

In conclusion, the dichotomy of free will and destiny continues to perplex us, but in the midst of this philosophical pondering, the unfairness of the world is an undeniable truth. Yet, it is within the human spirit to rise above such injustice, to continue striving, creating, and pushing the boundaries of what is possible. The artists, actors, painters, and writers who remain unnoticed but unwavering in their pursuit of excellence are a testament to the resilience of the human soul. Their stories remind us that, in the end, it is not only about the destination but also the journey and the unwavering determination to give one’s best, regardless of the cards fate may deal.

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Kapil Raj

Author of Endurer, Kuroopa and more | Speaker | Writer-Activist | Visit https://kapilraj.com/ to know more